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Pen three, where many Liverpool fans died, could only safely hold 678 fans but on the day of the disaster there were up to 1,430 people inside. Sykes confirmed, almost casually, that the police were upset, shocked, and having a drink, and talking about their experiences. Sports minister Stuart Andrew pledged to examine what input . "seems to have been unknown to the senior officers on duty at the time". Lawyers said the cover-up had caused added psychiatric injury to the survivors and the families of those who . They then told him stories against the fans: they were not inside the ground by 2.30pm because there were hordes of people drinking; they were not normal. Pete Weatherby QC, for 22 bereaved families, questioned Peter Metcalf, the solicitor for South Yorkshire police who implemented this process, and Ch Supt Donald Denton, who headed the police amendment operation. After more than 20 years of advocacy by the family campaign group, in 2010 the Hillsborough Independent Panel (HIP) was formed under instruction from Parliament and was led by The Right Reverend James Jones KBE (Bishop of Liverpool until 2013). At the inquests, lawyerly detail was focused on the few, startling internal documents produced by the force from 2010 in the public disclosure process to the Hillsborough Independent Panel, evidential foundations for the projection of blame. They were sons, daughters, brothers, sisters, husbands, one wife Christine Jones, 27 and partners. Wright briefed them. A trail of former officers bleakly confirmed the farce behind the switch: a bullying prank played on a probationary constable by officers in Moles division the previous October. A 56-page report setting out these commitments, jointly produced by the NPCC and College of Policing, represents a national police response to the 2017 report into the Hillsborough failures by James Jones, the former bishop of Liverpool. Reaching this notorious moment on his second day in the witness box, Duckenfield made more landmark admissions that went far beyond what he had confessed previously, to Lord Justice Taylors official 1989 inquiry, the first 1990-91 inquest in Sheffield, and the families private prosecutions of him and Supt Bernard Murray in 2000, when Duckenfield exercised his right to stay silent. Then when the disaster happened, they did everything citizens could expect of police officers, and of fellow human beings. South Yorkshire police have admitted to "serious errors and mistakes" that led to the unlawful killing of the 96 victims of the Hillsborough disaster. He admitted his focus before the match had been on dealing with misbehaviour, and he had not considered the need to protect people from overcrowding or crushing. It said overcrowding problems at the turnstiles in 1987, and on the terrace in 1988, indicated the inherent crowd safety dangers posed by the ground. Trevor was said by witnesses to have been running between the girls, as desperate attempts were made to revive them, shouting and pleading: Not both of them: theyre all Ive got.. VideoRussian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims, The children left behind in Cuba's mass exodus, Xi Jinping's power grab - and why it matters, Snow, Fire and Lights: Photos of the Week. In 1993, he told a House of Commons committee, "I regret Hillsborough. In the Commons, the shadow home secretary, Yvette Cooper, welcomed the police response but said the governments failure to respond showed a lack of respect to the families. The scene at Hillsborough at 4.17pm, an hour after the disaster unfolded. The other two victims were Lee Nicol, 14, who was pronounced dead two days later, and Tony Bland, then 18, who was kept on life support for four years, before he died in 1993. Dr Jasmeet Soar, a resuscitation specialist, said "earlier intervention before cardiac arrest" could have saved the life of James Aspinall, son of Hillsborough campaigner Margaret Aspinall. It is a procedure that public inquiries apply to the publication of reports where individuals or organisations are criticised. The chief constable, Peter Wright, had to state that evening that police had authorised the opening of the gate, but as these inquests, at two years the longest jury case in British history, heard in voluminous detail, Duckenfields lie endured. Survivors recalled their own helpless entrapment, the agonising suffocation, the eye-popping panic, the terrible screams for help, the delayed reaction of South Yorkshire police officers on the other side of the metal perimeter fence. It admitted no fault whatsoever. The Crown Prosecution Service announces, more than 28 years after the Hillsborough disaster, the first prosecutions of anyone involved in the deaths and subsequent cover-up. However, if the tunnel had been closed, fans would have been diverted towards the relatively emptier side pens, the inquests were told. But, he said, the animalistic behaviour of fans would emerge. How long does it take to read a report, to come out with your findings or what you think should happen?. In the midst of a hard-faced culture in which officers rarely talked about their feelings, some drank heavily after the disaster. Complainants have the right to appeal to the IOPC if a police force did not record their complaint or notify the correct police force if it was made originally to the wrong force. The families of the people who were ushered into that terrifyingly unsafe situation and died read shattering personal statements, many remembering their loved ones casual goodbyes. Leads and manages the development of the police service in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. No contingency plans were made for the sudden arrival of a large number of fans and attempts to close the stadium's perimeter gates, before fans reached the turnstiles, were made too late. Mr Raab said "we must learn the lessons" of the Hillsborough disaster, adding: "The independent public advocate goes some way to making . Derided and denigrated as animalistic, they were ultimately driven on by the power of human love and loyalty, and the bonds of family. A breach of the Standards of Professional Behaviour that would justify at least a written warning. Greaves recalled that he closed Sarahs eyes. Mr Duckenfield had previously told the Taylor Inquiry a delay would only be ordered "if there was some major external factor such as fog on the Pennines or delay on the motorway: not if spectators merely turned up late even in large numbers." Margaret Thatcher's former chief press secretary Sir Bernard Ingham once again refused to apologise for blaming Liverpool FC fans for the Hillsborough disaster.. Police failures were the main cause of the tragedy and have continued to blight the lives of family members ever since. The disaster resulted in the deaths of 97Liverpool supporters, and remains to this day the worst disaster in British sporting history. Based on initial briefings by the police, The Sun laid the blame for the Hillsborough disaster squarely on Liverpool fans, accusing them of being drunk, and in some cases of deliberately hindering the emergency response. Asked whether he thought of alerting nearby hospitals, he said he had presumed the ambulance control room would do so. An image released by the Hillsborough inquest. Hopkins agreed that mistakes were made in planning for the 1989 semi-final that played a part in the disaster but were not to do with Duckenfield. One was Russell Greaves, a detective constable who tried to revive Sarah Hicks, 19, on the pitch after she had been brought out of the crush next to her sister, Vicki, 15. Families whose loved ones had bus passes or other identifying documents on them were also made to go through this process. At least one fan who died could have been saved with prompt medical attention. He criticised Mr Eason for failing to assess the situation and prioritising a casualty with a broken leg. Her story is being told in the new ITV drama, Anne. With only four ambulances making it on to the pitch, 82 bodies were taken by supporters and police. Quarter 4 covers the full financial year (1 April - 31 March). Joness November 2017 report, commissioned by Theresa May when she was home secretary, made 25 recommendations to ensure the pain and suffering of the Hillsborough families is not repeated, including a charter for bereaved families, a duty of candour for police officers, and that bereaved families should have public funding for legal representation at inquests where public bodies are represented. List of officers and staff who have been dismissed from policing, or would have been if they had not retired or resigned. The appropriate authority may be the chief officer of the police force or the PCC for the force. The police match commander, Ch Supt David Duckenfield, admitted in evidence that he should have given "serious consideration to cordons". David Duckenfield arrives to give evidence in March 2015. The risks were known and "the crush in 1989 was foreseeable", it added. Those recommendations have been adopted by families and campaigners as a Hillsborough law they have called on the government to introduce. The Hillsborough disaster occurred during a football match in 1989, oversaw by police chief superintendent David Duckenfield. Quarter 1 covers 1 April - 30 June At the time, Sheffield Wednesday FC blamed Tottenham fans for "arriving late" and "rushing to their places", crushing those in front. Prof John Ashton, a public health expert who was at the match as a Liverpool supporter, told the inquests he led the assessment of casualties behind the Leppings Lane end because no-one else was taking charge. The jury found match commander Ch Supt David. He did not know the seven turnstiles, through which 10,100 Liverpool supporters with standing tickets had to be funnelled to gain access to the Leppings Lane terrace, opened opposite a large tunnel leading straight to the central pens, three and four. We will publish a comprehensive report once all processes surrounding the investigation have been completed. In 1989, Hillsborough was deemed to be one of most advanced stadiums in the UK. Jackson, asked if the order to use blank pieces of paper was improper, replied: Well, the normal practice is to write your notes in the notebook.. Walter Jackson, assistant chief constable for operations, however, told the inquests that he did believe Mole was moved for not having dealt with the indiscipline firmly. The body that represents the interests of all police constables, sergeants, and inspectors. Duckenfield was one of several officers who developed a drink problem afterwards, describing himself sinking half tumblers of whisky in the mornings to enable him to read documentation for the Taylor inquiry. Inside the ground, "there was no means of counting" the number of fans entering individual pens. At 2.52pm, Duckenfield ordered it open. Nor was it clear why the force organised no professional handover: Mole cleared his desk and left. Roger Marshall in the crowd outside the stadium. Read about our approach to external linking. Investigations carried out entirely by the police. Mr Whitmore said while the ambulance service response was delayed, volunteers from St John Ambulance "behaved better" than their counterparts by starting to help victims immediately. However here, where they failed, their use of the word animals documented an inability to see a group of citizens even as people. Justice Secretary Dominic Raab has now confirmed a law will be introduced "as soon as possible" establishing an independent public advocate to support survivors and the bereaved impacted by tragedies like Hillsborough, Grenfell and the Manchester bombings. Those at the Niagara club included Duckenfield, Murray and other senior officers. As Gate C was opened, most of the 2,000 fans headed straight down a tunnel towards the full central pens, creating the fatal crush. Its purpose was to assist in the full public disclosure of information relating to the disaster. Page had read of police officers saying that dead and injured people strongly smelled of alcohol. Department within a police force that deals with complaints and conduct matters. In 2016 a new inquest jury found that the 97 victims of the crush on Hillsboroughs Leppings Lane terrace had been unlawfully killed due to gross negligence manslaughter by the South Yorkshire police officer in command, Ch Supt David Duckenfield, and that there was no misbehaviour by Liverpool supporters that contributed to the disaster. The jury heard he had at least three minutes to "consider the consequences" of opening the gates. At 15.06, the match was stopped by a police officer walking on to the pitch. Glen Kirton, the Football Association's press chief in 1989, told the inquests he raised the possibility of a delayed kick-off with Sheffield Wednesday secretary Graham Mackrell. Police Federation minutes noted that officers got considerably drunk that night while bereaved relatives were queueing outside to enter the hell of the gymnasium where police would interrogate them about drinking. Duckenfields own barrister, John Beggs QC, an advocate instructed by police forces nationwide, pressed the case most forcefully that supporters had misbehaved, persistently introducing as context into his questioning notorious previous episodes of football hooliganism, his manner often repellent to the families attending. They carried Sarah on an advertising hoarding to the gymnasium, but there were no ambulances there either, so they laid her on the pitch and performed CPR again. Footage released by the Hillsborough inquest. Wrights high-handed rule was at the root of the disaster, the inquests heard. The inquest jury said commanding officers should have ordered the closing of the central tunnel and their failure to do so caused, or contributed to, the fatal crush on the terrace. A single complaint case can have one or many allegations attached. The South Yorkshire police officer in command of the 1989 FA Cup semi-final at Hillsborough, at which 96 people were killed, showed a "lack of leadership" and "poor decision-making," the court. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express. Duckenfield did not respond until Marshall said somebody would die outside if he did not open the gate. In a press briefing, Marsh and Hewitt acknowledged current challenges facing police following a series of recent scandals, and said the public and media would hold police to account for adherence to the new charter and ethical code. His decision, later overturned, was based on the flawed assumption that all the victims were dead or fatally injured by this point. Survivors of the lethal crush bore tearful witness to the vice-like squeeze, the cracking of ribs, arms and legs, faces losing colour, the vomiting and emptying of bowels and bladders, relatives and friends dying next to them, the still barely believable piles of dead bodies at the front of the pens. Wright had opened a fact-finding meeting at 9am on 16 April 1989, the day after the disaster, by immediately exonerating his force. It emerged at the inquests that one of the nastiest stories, that fans had picked the pockets of the dead, was not just untrue, but that the police had evidence that it was untrue from the beginning because they had made routine logs of all the cash and other property found on each person. Not only the Thatcher government but also the Labour party under Neil Kinnock waged war on the leaders of the City Council (Derek Hatton . This was a recognised method of restricting access to the central pens and had previously been used during the 1988 FA Cup semi-final. Express. Even as the terrible failures of Hillsborough were being laid bare at the inquests, the South Yorkshire police culture of the 1980s, and its other infamous scandal, Orgreave, were being further exposed. The majority of the 2,000 people allowed in through gate C went straight down the tunnel to the central pens, and gross overcrowding there caused the terrible crush. In a course of events that would be repeated eight years later, police opened Gate C after congestion at the turnstiles. The police, he said, never even told them Duckenfield was inexperienced. From his concession that he had inadequate experience to oversee the safety of 54,000 people, to finally accepting responsibility for the deaths, Duckenfields admissions were shockingly complete. Wright told the meeting: If anybody should be blamed, it should be the drunken, ticketless individuals.. The purpose of an investigation is to establish the facts behind a complaint, conduct matter, or DSI matter and reach conclusions. Andy Marsh, the chief executive of the College of Policing, the standards-setting body for the police in England and Wales, said a new code of ethics would also be issued for consultation in the next few weeks, that would incorporate a code of practice requiring chief police officers to ensure openness and candour including in inquests and public inquiries. David . Police had also closed some turnstiles to keep Liverpool and Nottingham Forest fans apart. The number of fans passing through each turnstile was three times higher than at other turnstiles in the stadium, an HSE investigation found in 1990. They were crushed on the terraces at the FA Cup semi-final as their team started play on the pitch. Following a re-trial in 2019, he was found not guilty of 95 counts of gross negligence manslaughter. Duckenfield had arrived at the converted courtroom in Warrington with traces of his former authority, but over seven airless, agonisingly tense days in the witness box last March, he was steadily worn down, surrendering slowly into a crumpled heap. If a complaint investigation finds that someone has a case to answer for misconduct, the appropriate authority is responsible for arranging any misconduct proceedings. Used to house anyone who has been detained. Refers to lower-level misconduct or performance-related issues, which are dealt with in a proportionate and constructive manner. The original Hillsborough inquests did not consider the response of the emergency services because the coroner, Dr Stefan Popper, controversially ruled out evidence from after 15.15 on the day of the disaster. The Hillsborough inquiries have highlighted serious faults in planning, crowd control, stadium design - internal and external - lack of emergency response plans, lack of police supervision and . Policing bodies include police and crime commissioners, the Common Council for the City of London, or the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime. The inquest jury blamed police failures before and on the day of the tragedy. Shortly before kick-off, police delayed the match by 15 minutes to ensure that late-arriving fans could be accommodated. At the previous year's FA Cup semi final at the stadium, police cordons were in place regulating the entry of supporters. The decision was dealt with by the original Taylor inquiry into the disaster. "It was just chaos," he said. In 1981, at the semi-final between Tottenham Hotspur and Wolverhampton Wanderers at Hillsborough, 38 fans were injured in a crush. However, more than five years after the James report, the government has still not produced a response to it. The Hillsborough Disaster occurred in an historical media framework that already labelled Liverpool as rebellious and anarchistic. Once in the small control room, he stayed there. Wright, Page told the court, responded by saying: Thats our position, thats our stance, and thats what well have to stand by. Wright barely ever spoke to him again. An investigation carried out by IOPC staff. One doctor helping casualties on the pitch asked a police officer for oxygen equipment to resuscitate a stricken supporter. Addis, in his evidence, said he believed it was too small. At about 14.30, TV monitors in the police control room clearly showed the numbers at the Leppings Lane end were growing. Following publication of the report by the Hillsborough Independent Panel, the Attorney General successfully applied to the High Court to quash the verdicts of the original inquests that returned verdicts of accidental death in March 1991. Hillsborough disaster, incident in which a crush of football (soccer) fans ultimately resulted in 97 deaths and hundreds of injuries. The horror the victims suffered and the generally abject response of the police and South Yorkshire metropolitan ambulance service (SYMAS) were exposed in greater detail than ever before, in months of film and photographic evidence, from cameras that had been at Hillsborough to cover a football match. Hillsborough inquests jury says 96 victims were unlawfully killed, South Yorkshire police: who did what at Hillsborough, How are we, the Hillsborough families, still standing? They were fans. They were then immediately interviewed by CID officers. I could not have done more. Firstly, there was no police cordon on the approaches to the stadium to ensure fans formed "orderly queues or only those with tickets came near the ground". In fact, the photographs showed the bins outside the Leppings Lane end, which 24,000 Liverpool supporters had passed, about a third full, mostly of soft drinks cans including Vimto, Sprite and Coke, with a few beer bottles or cans. London (AFP) -. Parameters within which an investigation is conducted. Three defendants were charged with perverting the course of justice: After the conclusion of the prosecutions case, the judge heard submissions by the defence teams. In the half-hour before kick off, the approach to the Leppings Lane end quickly became congested. Find out more about what happens during an IOPC investigation and the different possible outcomes. He told Goldring: I think I was serving the interests of truth, sir.. Asked about being party to a cover-up, Wain replied: I wouldnt have allowed it. They came from all walks of life: working-class, middle-class, wealthy, hard-up, from Liverpool, the Midlands, London and around the country. There was a failure to get through to the police control room. And yet the culture of delay, denial and defensiveness by the police and other public and corporate bodies continues after state-related deaths. Anderson said Mole needed experience outside Sheffield and the force was having problems policing Barnsley, which could be extremely hostile after the miners strike, in a climate of social disintegration and the impending closure of 14 pits. The Salmon process takes its name from Lord Justice Salmon who first set out the Salmon principles in 1966. As a result of our investigation, a criminal trial started on 19 April 2021 and concluded on 26 May 2021. According to John Cutlack, an expert stadium engineer, the seeds of the 1989 disaster were sown 10 years previously when a safety certificate overestimated the capacity of the Leppings Lane standing area at 7,200. A series of officers acknowledged at the inquests that this was unprecedented: it was a disciplinary offence not to write in a pocketbook, which is a contemporaneous note, very difficult to amend without it being obvious, and therefore persuasive, credible evidence in a courtroom. Turnstile counters showed that 335 too many fans had been allowed on to the terrace that day. On 20 February 1989, Wright personally sacked four officers and disciplined four more for this excessive internal prank. Some did make expressions of empathy, but not many Duckenfield, blunderingly, was one; Jackson and Marshall were others. But Wrights disastrous decision to move Mole was never questioned by senior officers. Conduct includes acts, omissions, statements and decisions (whether actual, alleged or inferred). That night, Amy asked if her dad could wake them up when he came home. Reinstated as a semi-final venue in 1987, Hillsborough hosted the match between Leeds United and Coventry City. The crushing occurred during a match at Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield, England, on April 15, 1989. No further action may be taken with regard to a complaint if the complainant decides to retract their allegation(s). Trevor Hicks himself tried to perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation on Vicki, which involved, he testified, sucking vomit from her mouth, then he went with her in an ambulance another scene of hell, with a teenage crush victim, Gary Jones, on the floor, and Hicks trying not to stand on him. Several officers defended this process. A complaint or recordable conduct matter that doesnt need to be referred to the IOPC, but where the seriousness or circumstances justifies referral. Marsh also made an apology, saying: Policing has profoundly failed those bereaved by the Hillsborough disaster over many years and we are sorry that the service got it so wrong. It is not a disciplinary process or a disciplinary outcome. An extraordinary revelation was that at 5.58pm, with so many people dead, injured and traumatised, a police inspector, Gordon Sykes, sent a force photographer to take pictures of litter outside. Fans should have a greater say over the 2024 Champions League final at Wembley to avoid a repeat of the Paris chaos, according to MPs. The inquests heard this was the result of a number of failings. This is a format where information is written in plain English and short sentences. At the gymnasium, families were made to queue outside in the cold, clear night, then eventually brought in and told to look through Polaroid photographs of all those who died, not grouped by age or gender. As we near the 34-year anniversary of the Hillsborough disaster, the national body for police chief constables issues a long-awaited apology for the police failures that led to the unlawful killing of 97 people and for the "pain and suffering" experienced by the bereaved families. Margaret Aspinall, whose 18-year-old son James died at Hillsborough, told the BBC: We are now in 2023. Metcalf denied it, saying he was advising on statements being in suitable form for Taylor. Duckenfield admitted he had not familiarised himself in any detail with the grounds layout or capacities of its different sections. It was revelatory to hear F division officers recount Duckenfields heavy-handed manner on his arrival, how unpopular he made himself. I welcome the NPCCs recognition that the police got it so wrong and subjected the families to harrowing events. An independent judicial officer, the coroner enquires into deaths reported to him/her. Why Alex Murdaugh was spared the death penalty, Why Trudeau is facing calls for a public inquiry, The shocking legacy of the Dutch 'Hunger Winter'. As the teams ran on to the pitch for the 15.00 kick-off, the HIP report said "the crowd cheered but already in the central pens people were screaming. Sykes denied that but admitted it was to gain evidence of whats been happening, one way or the other. Police chiefs apologised today in response to a damning report on the Hillsborough disaster. At Hillsborough, the police radio systems failed and officers outside the ground could not hear instructions or communicate. An image of the gate that was opened to allow fans in. Charges against Sir Norman Bettison, a chief inspector in the South Yorkshire Police force at the time of Hillsborough, were dropped. The club's engineer, Dr Eastwood, agreed "with hindsight" the total figure of 10,100 - which allowed for an additional 2,900 standing fans in the north-west corner stand - was "too high". He moved on to discuss how the story of drunken, marauding fans would be got out, saying the force could not do it too publicly because it had to respond professionally. Metcalf, in the end, put a line through that narrative, and it did not go to Taylor. The 97th victim, Andrew Devine, died on 27 July 2021, after a long illness of 32 years from aspiration pneumonia, and the Coroner ruled he died as a result of his injuries sustained at Hillsborough. Following a tireless campaign led by bereaved families and survivors, in 2012 the High Court quashed the original accidental death . Information cited in the Hillsborough Independent Panel (HIP) report resulted in referrals to the IOPC (then the IPCC) from South Yorkshire Police (SYP), the force responsible for policing the game, and West Midlands Police (WMP), who carried out the original investigation into the disaster.

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